Ubiquitous Communication: Tracking Technologies within the Supply Chain

Information integration and total supply chain visibility are viewed as integral parts for supply chain excellence. Real time and accurate information on the status of goods in a supply chain requires the integration of several evolving technologies that enable tracking of items, cartons, totes, containers, trucks, ships, rails, and other conveyances continuously. In this article, we examine tracking technologies in the context of a case study of an integration project at a major retailer, focusing on the business case for investment. The case examines how technologies like Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Global Positioning System (GPS) can be used to improve supply chain performance and aid in reducing supply chain shrinkage. Based on the results of that case and others, we discuss some of the key lessons for engineers and managers interested in implementing tracking technologies. Finally, we discuss the benefits of automated identification and tracking as compared with traditional legacy systems like bar codes.